How has women’s employment changed alongside marriage patterns in Pakistan?
The latest Labour Force Survey reports a female labour-force participation rate of 22.7% in 2024–25, compared with 68.7% for men under the survey’s current standard. PDHS…
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The latest Labour Force Survey reports a female labour-force participation rate of 22.7% in 2024–25, compared with 68.7% for men under the survey’s current standard. PDHS…
HIES estimates show a modest decline in average household size from 6.24 people in 2018–19 to 5.98 in 2024–25. Urban households fell from 5.97 to 5.69, while rural…
Yes over the long run, although recent movement is slow. The comparable PDHS series reported total fertility of 4.9 births per woman in 1990–91, 4.1 in 2006–07, 3.8 in…
The median age at first birth among women aged 25–49 increased from 21.3 years in PDHS 1990–91 to 22.8 in PDHS 2017–18. The direction is consistent with later marriage,…
The opportunity for digital search has expanded sharply: HIES reports that internet use among people aged 10 and above rose from 17% in 2018–19 to 57% in 2024–25, while…
National evidence supports several careful conclusions: median age at first marriage rose for women and men between the 2012–13 and 2017–18 PDHS rounds; marriage by 18 among…
Good national data does not currently establish that dating apps have replaced family introductions, that family participation is disappearing, that one city values a…
Extended-family living can provide housing, childcare, elder care, income pooling and emotional support. It can also reduce privacy or create conflict over chores, money,…
In PDHS 2017–18, the mean ideal number of children was 3.9 among women and 4.3 among men. Women’s reported ideal declined only slightly from 4.1 in 1990–91, even as measured…